Scoop condenser



m15 la 1929- D. w. R. MORGAN 1,721,277

l 'cbo C'ON'DEN'SR 'F'ed oct 2,'192"r f3 sheets-snede i Fogg.

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ATTORNEY` July 16, 1929. D, W, R, MORGAN 1,721,277

SCOOP CONDENSER Filed Oct. 28, L.1.927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FSQA.

wiTNEssEs: INVENTOR i6 DMl-R.Morqn G'. T5. M

ATTORN EY il t) Patented July 16, 1929.

:DAVIDV W. R. MORGAN, OF SWARTHMOR-E, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSGNOR 'LO-WESTING- House ELECTRIC a Vania. f n L MANUFACTURING COMPANY, ACORPORATION OFKPILNNSYL- SCOOP CONDENSER.

Application filed October 28, 1927. Serial VNo. 229,503.

My invention relates to scoop condensers, and it has for an object toprovide means for improving the circulating system for thisy l vided forproducing the necessary head when the speed of the vessel is notsufficient to develop it. However, the arrangement of scoops is suchthat Whether the pressure head be developed by the speed of the vesselor partially by a stand-by pump, the cooling media is not equallydistributed to the tubes, and adequate iioiv through the outer rows oftubes is notl obtained. This is particularly objectionable in the `tubesadjacent the steam inlet, Where the temperature of the condensable gasesis the hightest, for the flow of circulating media through these tubeson the inlet side of the nest is not always adequate to ei'ect a propertransfer of heat, and, in some cases, the circulating media issufficiently heated to be transformed into steam. This condition isobviously unsatisfactory, for it causes such circulating media, asremains in the tubes, to pass back md forth, and the steam also issuesfrom the tubes and forms steam pockets in the Water boxes and seriouslyinterferes with the operation of the condenser. Y n

More particularly, therefore, an object of my invention is to providemeans for more equally distributing the flow of circulating Y media,especially through the outer tubes` of the nest, and to provide for anadequate iioW through the tubes on the inlet side of the condenser.

Another object is to provide means for intermittently utilizing` theavailable pressure headV for passing cooling media through a portion ofthe nest of cooling tubes and, in the event that full circulation isrequired, for translating cooling media through the remaining portion ofthe nest.

A further object is to provide means for automatically controlling' acirculating system of the type described.

Apparatus embodying the features of my invention is shown in theaccompanying drawings forming a part of this application, in Which: iFig.` 1 is an elevation qf a marine power installation equipped with anautomatic control system for cont-rolling the flow of circulating mediathrough a surface condenser;

F 1g. 2 is a sectional View of a throttle valve; i

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of a turbine; and, i

Figs. 4 and 5 are similar to Fig.` l, but show modified forms of myinvention. According to my invention a guide vane is pivotally mountedin some suitable position, as on a tube sheet in the inlet Water box.This vane isadapted, in its normal position, to deflect a portion of themain stream of circulating media toward the tubes on the inlet side ofthe nest, and in this Way to insure an adequate fiovv through thesetubes. The vane isv also adapted to closeoff a portion of the nest, asfor example, the inlet side of the nest so that When operating.

under light loads the circulating media may be directed through only aportion of the nest in which case the pressure head, due tothe progressof the vessel, may be adequate to. produce the proper iiovv even atreduced speeds. Fluid translating means are also provided, such forexample, as a propeller pump, for Atranslating cooling media through aportion of thel nest While the scoop action is effective to passfthecool-y ing media through the remaining the nest.

My invention also contemplates the pro- Vision of means forautomatically producing these desired effects in response to either theconditions of temperatureA and pressure Within the condenser or inresponse to con denser pressure and to pressure in a stage of theturbine.

Referring noW to the drawing for a better understanding of my invention,I show, in Fig. 1, a turbine 10 and a scoop condenser 11, which isprovided With a suitable inlet scoop 13, an inlet Water, box 14adischarge Water box 16 anda discharge scoop 17.

Pivotally mounted in the inlet Water box 14C, as on the tube sheet 18,is a` guide vane 19, and similarly disposed in the Water box 16 is aguide vane 21. These Vanes are, preferably, arranged -to be inclinedvaway from the condenser steam. inlet, asv shown,

porti on of and to project slightly into the scoops 13 and 17,respectively, so as to divide the main stream. of circulating mediapassing therethrough and to deflect the proper amount oi' this streamtoward the tubes in the inlet side of the nest, and particularly towardthe outermost rows of these tubes. In this way it is assured that,whether thevessellbe proceeding ahead or astern, an adequate ilow willbe maintained througlrthe outermost tubes on the inlet side ot' the nestprovided the motion of the vessel is suicient to produce this `flow.

However, at reduced speeds and also when running astern, it isfrequently necessary to provide some form of fluid translating means toassist the iiow of circulating media through the nest. I provide forsuch conditions by mounting the propeller pump 22 in the passage 23,which communicates with the forward scoop 13 and with the water bor;14.` At such times as the motion of the vessel is inadequate to producethe proper vflow through the entire nest, the vane 19 maybe swungagainst the abutment 24, provided in the scoop 13, so as to close oifthe tubes on the inlet side of the nest from the incomingstream ofcirculating media and to direct this entire stream through the remainingportion of the nest. The pump 22 is then operated to pass circulatingmedia from the scoop 13 through the passage 23, the water box 14 and thetubes on the inlet side of the nest. Thus, the action 'of the scoop isrendered more eiective, :tor the pressure head developed is utilized inpassing the cooling media through only a portion of the nest, while thelauxiliary pump 22 is utilized to pass circulating media through theremaining portion. Y

It may also occur that the turbine 10 may be operating at a relativelylight load, in which case the entire condensing surface would not benecessary, and undervthese conditions it would be possible to producethe proper vacuum in the condenser by passn ing circulating mediathrough only a portion of the cooling tubes. Should these conditionsoccur, the vanes 19 and 21 would be raised, or closed, so thatthe vane19 would be swung against the abutment 24 and the vane 21 would he swungagainst the abutment 26. thus closing oit a portion of the nest on theinlet side of the same and directing the main stream ot circulatingmedia through the'remaining portion of the nest of cooling` tubes.

Any suitable means may be provided `for operating the vanes 19 and 21,but preferably pressure-responsive devices, such as the uid relays 27and 23, are provided for this purpose rIhese relays are similar in allrespects and hence, a description of either willv befadequate. n i

The relay 27 comprises a working cylinderV 29 having therein a piston 31which is connected by means of itsy rod 32 and the link 33 to the vane19. rllhe pilot valve 34 tor controlling the piston 31 comprises a spooltype piston valve 36, whichis urged by the spring 37 into a position toadmit any suitable fluid under pressure through the port 3S and thevalve housing and through the connection 39 to the upper side of thepiston 31 in the working Vcylinder 29, and to permit fluid to bedischarged from the cylinder 29, on the rod side of the piston 31,through the connection 41, and the valve housing and the discharge port42. In case the pilot valve 36 is moved to its other eX- treme position,it will be obvious that the reverse operation will take place, and thatfluid will be exhausted from the cylinder 29 through the connection 39and the discharge port 43, the piston 31 being actuated by the pressureof the iiuid acting through the connect-ion 41 and on the rod side ofthe piston 31, in whichl case the vane 19 would be swung against theabutment 24 in the forward scoop 13.

While any suitable means may be provided for actuating the pump 22, Ipreferably provide, either an electric motor, or a suitable turbine. Inthe form shown I have provided an electric motor 44. In order that theelectric motor 44 may be automatically brought into play ,to operate thepump 22 at the proper time, I provide anelectrical control systemcomprising the positive bus bar 45 and the negative bus bar 46, and Iconnect the motor 44 with the positive side of the line through theconnection 47, a snap switch 43 and the connection 49. The negative leadfrom the motor 44 is connected with the negative bus bar 46 andcomprises the connection 52, the solenoid 53 and the connection 54.

. From the connection 54, the negative lead from the motor 44 is dividedinto parallel circuits which are rendered alternately effective by thegravity switch 56. As shown, the gravity switch 56 completes the circuitVfrom the connection 54 to the connection 57, through the solenoid 58and connection 59 to the negative bus bar 46. lVhen the gravity switch56 is in its uppermost position it completes the circuit from theconnection through the connections 61 and 62 tothe negative bus bar 46.Y

` The solenoids 53 and 58 are arranged to actuate the pilot valves ofthe tluidpressure relays 2'? and 23 respectively, the pilot valvesbeing` held in their upper positions when the solenoids are energized.It will be apparent, therefore, that when the gravity switch 56 is inits lower position, both solenoids 53 and 58'will be energized and bothrelays 27 and 23 will operate to raise the vanes 19 and 21, spectively.On' the other hand, when the gravity switch 56 is in its upper position,

only the solenoid 53 will be energized and consequently, only the vane19 will be raised.

The snap switch 48 is connected with an expansible bellows 63, which isadapted to be actuated by a suitable fluid in the connection 64, whichleads to a closed vessel (not shown) withinthe condenser. Thecharacteristics of this fluid are such that when the proper conditionsof temperature and pressure exist within the condenser, the volume ofthe fluid will permit the bellows 63 to contract and thus the snapswitch 48 will be held in an open position by the spring 66, in whichcase the motor 44 cannot actuate the pump 22; However, should the vacuumfall off in the condenser, this would be accompanied by an increase intemperature which would expand the bellows 63 so as to close the snap 48and actuate the motor 44.

To preclude theV possibility of having the Vane 21 swing against theabutment 26 in the aft scoop 17 while the motor 44 isoperating, Iprovide a solenoid 67 for controllingy the gravity switch 56. ThissolenoidV 67 is shunted across the terminals of the motor by means ofthe connections 68 and 69, respectively. I-Ience, whenever the motor 44is operating, the solenoid 67 willbe energized and will hold the gravityswitch in its upper position wherein it will complete the circuitbet-Ween the connections 61 and 62' to the negative bus, while thecircuit to the solenoid 58 will beopen at the gravity switch 56. It willthus be seen that the arrangement thus far described is adapted toautomatically control the pump 22 from conditions of temperature andpressure'existing within the condenser.

In order to provide for obtaining an improved circulation through thecooling surface required for condensingr steam veX- hausted duringperiods of relatively light load, I provide means for rendering aportion of the cooling surface ineffective andy rely upon the scoopaction to pass circulating media through the active portion of thecondensing apparatus. `I accomplish this by swinging the vane 19 againstthe abutment 24 in the forward scoop 13 and by swinging the vane 21against the abutment 26 in the aft scoop 17 so as to render the inletside ot the nest inactive and to pass the main stream of circulatingmedia through the lower position ofthe nest of cooling tubes. Thisobjective is attained by actuating the pressure-responsive devices 27and 28, by means of the solenoids 53 and 58,

to close the vanes 19 and 21.

That this may be done without interfering with the operation of thecontrol system previously described, I provide a connection 71 betweenthe positive bus 45 and a switch `72. An expansible bellows 73, similarto the bellows 63, is connected to the switch 72 and by means of thetube 74 with However, should the load be decreased on` the turbine, thecorresponding drop in pressure and temperature will cause the fluid inthe vessel 76 to permit the bellows 73 to contract, andy this willpermit the spring 77 to force the switch 72 into a closed position andwill permit current to pass from,

the positive side of the line through the connections 78 and 52 toenergize the sole noid 53, and thence to pass through the connectionacross the contacts of' the gravity switch 56 to energize the solenoid58 from whence it returns to the negative sidel ofthe line through theconnection 59. It will be observed in this case, that both solenoids 53and 58 are energized and hence actu-ate the respective .pilot valves 36to raise the pistons and close the vanes 19 and 21, respectively. Itwillalso be observed that the circuit from the positive side of the line isthrough theV connection 71, switch 72, connections 78 and 52, and thatthe motor circuit is open at the switch 48, so that themotor will not beaffected. y

From the apparatus thus far described, it will be apparent that thefluidcontainedl in the vessel 76 in the turbine need have only such`characteristics as will cause it to contract on a decrease intemperature and as this decrease, which would occur in a stage of theturbine, will be quite an appreciable one, the range of temperature overwhich the desired decrease in volume of this fluid may take place isquite large. VLikewise, the fluid which actuates they bellows 63 mightonly have such characteristics as will cause it to expand on an increasein temperature above that'corresponding to the, desired vacuum in thecondenser. It will readily` be seen, therefore, that by this system of.dual control, the fluids employed for actuating the bellows 63 and 73-respectively, need have definite characteristics at only one ypoint onthe temperature scale,

instead of at two points, as would be the caseif only one fluid wereused, and hence,

many iuids are suitable for this purpose.

VWlhilethere are many advantages of this dual control system,A I preferto have the conditions of temperature and pressureV within the condenserdominate my control system. This is desirable so that, should thecirculation of cooling media decrease in the condenser, and at the sametime the load on the turbine be decreased, the vacu.- I

um would still be maintained in the condenser. Considering this aspectof my invent-ion` it will be apparent that, should the snap switch 4?-and the switch 72 be turbine will not interfere withthe main-A tenanceof proper vacuum in the condenser. rlhe apparatus shown 1n F ig. 1 maybe Vreadily adapted to a turbine-driven pump as well as to amotor-driven pump. In case a turbine-driven pump were to be used, athrottle valve 79, such as shown in Fig.' '2, might be used to controlthe turbine.

From Fig. 2 it will be seen that the valve 79 is normally held on itsseat by spring 81, and that this valve Vmay be opened by energizing thesolenoid 82. To substitute a turbine-driven pump for the motor unit 44,it would merely be necessary, therefore1 A to connect the solenoid 82 tothe connections 49 and 52 in F ig. 1, 'so that instead of having acurrent through these connections actuate a motor, it vwould energizethe solenoid 82 and open the throttle valve to operate'a turbine (notshown).

The aoaaratus shown in Fie'. 4 differs from that previously described inthat' motors 44, pumps 22 andr passages 23 are provided for each endy ofthe condenser, and means are provided for rendering either pumpeffective, the'controlling system being responsive to the conditions oftemperature and pressure existing only in the condenser.

The apparatus, for rendering either of .the pumps effective, here takesthe form of gravity switches 91 and 92, which are adapted to ride oncams 93 and 94, respectively, of the cam shaft 96. A handwheel 97 isprovided for rotating the cam shaft to reverse, or otherwise adjust thepositions of the switches 91 and 92. The cams 93 and 94 are shown asbeing 180O apart, although, obviously, any ,suitable arrange` ment maybe employed for this purpose, it merely being necessary to raise one ofthe gravity switches and to permit the other to dropat the same time.

As shown, the switches are in position to cut out the motor 44 and toactuate the motor 44, the circuit from the'positive side of the linebeingv through the connection 98, the two-way switch 99 to either of thecontacts 101 or 102, the expansible bellows 63 being connected to thetwo-way switch and to the condenser in a manner similar to that in whichit is connected tothe snap switch 48, in Fig. 1. f

Should the vacuum tend to fall off in the condenser, the correspondingrise in temperature would cause the bellows 63 to expand and to closethe circuit through the switch 99, the connection 101, to the conthroughthe motor, the shunt circuit 110 and 111, which is across the terminalsof the motor, would energize theV solenoid 112 to raise the gravityswitch 113. It will thus be observed that after passing through themotor 44 and through the solenoid 53, the

current would pass through the connectionv 114, across the gravityswitch 116through the connections 117 and 118, across the gravity switch113 and through the connections 119 and` 121, to the negative side ofthe line, the gravity switch 113 being in its upper position and thusvpreventing the solenoid 58 from being energized.

rllhe vane 21 would, therefore, remain open while the vane 19 would beclosed and the pump 22 would be operated to pass circulating mediathrough the inlet side of the nest until such time as the proper vacuumshould be restored.V Once the proper vacuum is again obtained, thebellows 63 would contract, being urged' somewhat by the spring 122acting on the two-way switch 99, and the circuit of the motor 44 wouldbe opened at the switch 99. i

Should the load on the turbine decrease to such an extent as to permitthe condenser to produce a better vacuum than would be deemed necessaryor expedient, the bellows 63 would contractrso as to close the circuitbetween the positive side of the line, the connection 98, the two-wayswitch 99, contact 102, the connection 123, across the gravity switch 91to contact 124, through the connections 108 and 109, the solenoid 53,the connection 114, across the gravity switch 116, through theconnection 117 and across the gravity switch 113, which is now in itslower position, through the connection 126, the solenoid 58 and back tothe negative side of the line through the connection 127, across thegravity switch 92 and through the connection 128. Ink this instance, itwill be noted that the motor circuit for the motor 44 is open at thecontact 101 and the twoway switch 99, and consequently, neither themotor, nor the solenoid 112, would'be affected.

In order to render motor 44 ineffective and the motor 44 effective, therhandwheel 97 is rotated to reverse4 the position of the gravity switches91 and 92 bv changing the Vposition of the cams 93 and 94, respectively.

In this position the gravity switch 91 will leave the circuit openacross the contacts 103 and 104, 123 and 124, and will complete thecircuit between the connection 129 from the negative bus 46 and theconnection 109. The gravity switch 92 will leave the circuit openbetweenv the connections 127 and 128, and will complete the circuitbetween the connections 131 and 132, and between the connections 133 and134,-respectively.

yShould the vacuum tall oli, the expansion of the bellows 63 willfthencomplete the circuit from the positive side of the line through theconnection 98, the two-,way switch 99, the connection 131 across thegravity switch 92 to th-e connection 132 to the niotor 44. `Currentwould then pass from the motor 44 through the connections 134, 136 and127 to energize the solenoid 58, the gravity switch 92 now being in aposition to break the circuit between the connections 127 andy 128, 131and 132, respectively, and the switch 99 being in a position to breakthe circuit between the connections 133 and 98, respectively.

Simultaneously with the passage of current through the motor 44v thesolenoid 137, which is sliunted across the terminals of the motor by theconnections 138 and 139, would be energized to raise the gravity switch116 to its upper position. Hence, the current would pass troni thesolenoid 58 through the connection 126, across the gravity switch 113,which is now in its lower position, through the connections 117 and 141,across the gravity switch 116, through the connections 119 and 121 tothe negative bus bar 46,

: the circuit to the solenoid 53 being open at the gravity switch 116,and thus, assuring that the solenoid 53 will not be energized.

Should the vacuum in the condenser der,

crease below the requisite value, for any reason, as a decrease in theload on the turbine, the bellows 63vwould contract and the circuit romthe positive side of the line would be closed through the connection98,the twoway switch 99, the connection 133, across the gravity switch 92to the connections 134, 136 and 127 to the solenoid 58, through theconnection 126 across thel gravity switch 113,

the connection 117, the gravity switch 116 and through the connection114, the solenoid 53, the connection 109 and across the gravn ity switch91 to the negative side of the line through the connection ,129.

1t will also be observed that inthis cendition, the circuit for themotor 44 is open between the connection 131 and the switch 99. Likewise,the circuiiifor the motor 44is open between the Contact 101 and theswitch 99. Hence, Vneither the motor 44, nor the motor 44 will beoperated. v 'f The apparatus shown in Fig. 5 is also provided with twopumps22`, 22', and the operating motors'44, 44, and the pumping unitsandthe varies 19 and 2,1,arearranged to function in the same manner asin Fig. 4, but the control system is made responsive to conditions oftemperature and pressure eX- isting in the turbine and in the condenser,asin Fig. 1. While this, in ei'ect, is substantially a dualcontrolsystein,vthe interrelation between these systemsis such that thatportion of the system, which is, directly responsive to the conditionsin the condenser, will dominate the whole system in a inan ner similarto that described with reference to Fig. 1.

Considering the apparat-us shown in Fig. 5, it will be clear that, whenthe vacuum falls off in the condenser, theresulting eX- pansion of thebellows 63 will throw the switch 99 to complete the circuit from( thepositive bus 45, through the connection 98 and the switch 99 to thecontact 101, through this connection to the contact 103 and across sovthe gravity switch 151 to the contact 104 and through the connection 106to the motor 44. From the motor the current passes through theconnection 152 to the solenoid 53, and then through the connection 114across the gravity switch 116,` through the connections 117 and 118.rlhe solenoid 112 having been energized by the shuntcircuit 110, 111,the gravity, switch 113 is now inits upper position and hence, willcomplete the circuit from the connection 118 to the connections 11,9 and121 to the negative bus bar 46. ln this way the motor 44 and the pump 22are brought into play and the vane 19 is raisedwhenever there isanappreciable falling oli' of the vacuum in the condenser.

Now assume that the switch 99 remains open and that a decrease in loadon the turbine permits the bellows 7 3 to `contract a suticient amountto allow the spring 7 7 to throw the switch 72 and thus, to complete thecircuit from the positive bus bar 45, through the connection 71 and theswitch 72 to the connection 153. The gravity switch 151 completes thecircuit between the ,connections 153 and 154, andy between theconnections 154 and 156, so that current passes from the latter through`the connection l152 f to the solenoid 53.

1t will be observed yhere that the motor circuit is broken at thecontact 10,1 andthe switch 99. Hence the motor 44 will notbe operated,nor l,will the shunt circuit and fthe solenoid 112 be e'iiectiveto-raise the gravityv switch 113. rThus the gravity' switches 116 and113, both being in their lower positions, will complete the circuitbetween the connections114, 117 and 126 so thatrthe current may passdirectly from the solenoid .53 to the solenoid 58. v From the solenoid58,' the-current passes through the connections 157 and 134, across fthegravity` switch 158, and through the connectionA 128 to the negativeside of the line. ltwill be noted'that the motork circuit is openbetweenl the connection 132 and the gravity switch 158 so that the motor44 may when the scoop- 13 is forward. However, the

apparatus is so interconnected that the same results may be accomplishedwhen iroceeding astern, in which case the scoop 17 would be effective topass cooling water through the condenser. This is a very desirablefeature, especially for high speed naval craft, for it assures improvedperformance of the condenser duringv maneuvers and like operations.

When proceeding astern, therefore, the handwlieel 97 is rotated toreverse the position of the cams 93, 94 and of the gravity switches 151and 158. Assuming that, with the switches solreversed, the condenserpressure increases, then the bellows 63 will throw the switch 99 andcomplete the circuit from the positive bus bar through the connection 98and the switch 99 to the connection 131. Being in its lower position,the gravity switch 158 will complete the circuit between the connections'131 and 132 to the motor 44. From the motor 44, the current now passesthrough the connection 157 to the solenoid 58, and through theconnection 126, across the gravity switch 113 to the connection 117. Y

The shunt circuit 138, 139, across the terminals of the motor 44, is noweffective to energize the solenoid 137, so that the gravity switch 116will be in its upper position.

y Hence, the current will pass from the connection 117, through theconnection 141, across the gravity switch 116 and out to the negativeside of the line through the connections 119 and 121.` Thus, the motor44 will beoperated, and the vane 21 will be raised. Now assume that the.switch 99 remains open and that the switch 72 is closed. This completesthe" circuit from the positive side vofv the line through the connection71, the

` switch72, and the connections 153 and 159.

The gravity switch-151, now being in its upper position, completes thecircuit between tlie connections 159 and 161. "Like- Awise, the gravityswitch 158, being in its V`lower position, completes the circuit betweenthe connections 161' and 162 so that currentmay pass on through theconnections v l157 tothe solenoid 58.

From the connection 132, the circuit through the motor 44 is openbetween the switch 99 and the Connection 131. Hence, the motor 44- willnot operate and the shunt circuit 138, 139 will be ineffective, so thatthe gravity switch 116 will remain in its lower position. Thus, thecurrent will pass directly, from the solenoid 58, through the connection126, across the gravity switch 113, through the connection 117,lacrossthe gravity switch 116 and through the connection 114 to thesolenoid 53. vThe current then passes from the solenoid 53, through theconnections 152,156, across the gravity switch 151 and out to thenegative side of the line through the connection 129. In this conditionit will be observed that the circuit from the connection 152, throughthe motor 44 and the connection 106 is open between the contact 104 andthe gravity switch 151. Hence, the motor 44 will remain ineffective'.

In the event that both of the switches 72 and 99 are closed at the sametime, it will be apparent that the shunt circuit 138, 139 from the motor44 will energize the solenoid 137 and thus complete the circuit to thenegative bus bar through the connection 121 and prevent the solenoid 53from vbeing energized. In this way it is assured that the vane 19 willnever be closed while the condenser pressure is so high that it isnecessary to operate the pump 22.

While I have shown only the handwheel 97 for reversing the cams 93, 94and the switches 151, 158, it will be obvious thatthis is merelyrepresentative of my invention and that suitable connections may beprovided for effecting this reversal from some remote station, as fromthe bridge of a ship. Iiile- .wise, various'forms of reversingmechanism, other than the cams 93 and 94 may be ein-k 1. Thevcombination with a scoop condenser, comprising ashell having an inlet,

a nest of, tubes within the shell, and scoops for passing circulatingmedia through the nest, of directing means for deflecting a portionA ofthe main stream of circulating media toward the outer tubes of the nest.

2. The combination withV a scoop con# denser, comprising a shell havingan inlet, a nest of tubes within'the shell, and scoops and water boxesfor passing circulating media through the nest, of a vane in lone waterbox and inclined away from the con- CTL denser inlet for defiecting aportion of the main stream of circulating` media toward the outer tubesof the nest.

3. The combination with a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having aninlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passingcirculating media through the nest, of a pivoted vane in the inlet scoopfor directing a portion of circulating media toward the outer tubes ofthe nest.

4. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having aninlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passingcirculating media through the nest, of means, for directing all orp themain stream of circulating media to tubes comprising a portion of thenest.

5. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a. shell having aninlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passingcirculating media through the nest, of means in the inlet scoop fordistributing the main stream of circulating media to the tubes adjacentthe steam inlet of the condenser.

6. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having aninlet, a

nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating mediathrough the nest, of means for either directing a portion of the mainstream of circulating media toward one portion of the nest, or fordirecting substantially all of the main stream of circulating media toanother portion of the nest.

7 The combination with a turbine and a scoop condenser comprising ashell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops forpassing circulating media through the nest, of directing means forpassing the main stream of circulating media through a portion of thenest, and means responsive `to the load on the turbine for controllingthe directing means.

8. The combination With a scoop condenser comprising a shell having aninlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passingcirculating media through the nest, of directing means for passing themain stream* of circulating media through a portion of the nest, fluidtranslating means for translating circulating media through anotherportion of the nest, and means responsive to the con'- ditions oftemperature and pressure Within the condenser for concomitantlycontrolling the directing means and the fluid translating means.

9. The combination with a turbine and a ,scoop condenser comprising ashell having position to direct the main stream of circulating mediathrough another portion of the nest, fluid translating means fortranslating Vcirculating media through said one portion of the nest whenthe pivotal directing means is inv said another position, meansresponsive to the load on the turbine for maintaining the pivotaldirecting means in said one posi` tion While the turbine is'under normalload and in said another position While the turbine is under a lighterload, and means responsive to the conditions of temperature and pressureWithin the condenser for maintaining said pivotal directing means insaid one position under normal conditions and in said another positionunder abnormal conditions and for actuating the fluid translatingA meansduring the abnormal conditions.

ll. The combination With a turbine and a scoop condenser comprising ashell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops forpassing circulating media through the nest, of a pivotal directing meansadapted in one position to direct a portion of the main stream ofcirculating media to one portion of the nest and toward .the outermosttubes of this one portion, and in another position to direct the mainstream of circulating media through another portion of the nest, fluidtranslating means for translating circulating media through said `oneportion of the nest when the pivotal vdirecting means is in said anotherposition, means responsive to `the load `on the turbine for maintainingthe pivotal directing means in said one position While the turbine isunder normal load and in said another position While the turbine isunder a lighter load, and means responsive to the conditions ofternperature and pressure Within the condenser for maintaining saidpivotal directing means in said one position under normal conditions andin said another position under abnormal conditions and for actuating thefluid translating means during the abnormal conditions, saidlast-mentioned'means being effective irrespective of the load 4on theturbine.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto:

subscribed my name this 17th day of Oc tober, 1927.

DAVID W. R. MORGAN.

